ch. 8

Chapter 8

Why is writing important?

Writing helps a student think critically about a subject and produce something that displays their understanding.

“Writing is a true complement to reading when it enables students to clarify and think critically about concepts they encounter in reading.” (p.215)

“Writing requires abstract thinking, synthesis, and the ability and skill to apply several discrete skills.” (p.214)

On –demand writing is writing according to a given prompt.  It is often for high-stakes testing.

Authentic writing is writing for a purpose that expands beyond the classroom.  Authentic writing engages the student and grabs their attention.  Blogs, wikis, and brochures for local museums are all examples of authentic writing.

What is the reading-writing connection?

This is when students write about what they are going to read about.  Then the students read and write about what they read.  This allows students to make connections and clarify anything they were confused about.

Cognitive strategies are categorized as rehearsal strategies, elaboration strategies, organizational strategies, and comprehension-monitoring strategies.

Emergent literacy is early reading and writing and can contain inventive spelling and pictures.

Process writing is where the student follows precise steps to create a final piece of writing.

Rubrics- instruments for assessment

*They also provide focus, direction, and clarification for the student.  They help the student understand what will make a piece of writing successful.

Computers can help students in the writing process.

Writing and the Par Framework

Preparation:  cubing, brain writing, quick write, free write, student-generated questions

Assistance:  learning logs, written conversation, annotations, poetry, cinquain, first-person summary

Reflection:  guided writing procedure, content-focused drama, collaborative writing, C3B4Me, Gist, short statements, graded reflective writing

Source:  
Richardson, J. S., Morgan, R. F., & Fleener, C. 2012. Reading to learn in the content areas. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co

chpt 6

What is a multimodal platform?
Live chats
Texting
Email
Internet
Paper Sources
Interaction

Textbooks cannot stand alone.  Students need to be introduced to an array of media.  Textbooks cannot offer all the information students need.  They are usually grade and subject specific.

Read-alongs require the teacher to read an excerpt with the students.

During a read-aloud, the teacher simply reads to the students.

Trade books are books that are considered for general use, such as books from the library.

The readability of a book can affect a student's comprehension and learning.  Readability is how suited a book is for a reader.  For example, the content of the book must be clearly expressed and suited for the reader's ability.  A readability formula is used to determine the difficulty of the reading material.

The independent reading level is the level of material a student can read with 90% or more comprehension.

Cloze can be used to determine a student's comprehension and learning at the "closure" of a lesson.

Cooperative learning- jigsaws, three-step interviews

Source: 
Richardson, J. S., Morgan, R. F., & Fleener, C. 2012. Reading to learn in the content areas. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co